Industrial Spare Parts — Engineered for Maximum Uptime

Complete Equipment Coverage

Precision-engineered replacement components for SAG & ball mills, vertical roller mills, cement plants, and slurry pumps. Every part manufactured in premium wear-resistant alloys with exact OEM dimensional compatibility. From mill liners to pump impellers—we supply the critical components that keep high-tonnage operations running.

  • 4Equipment Categories
  • 500+Part Models Available
  • 100%OEM Compatible
  • 35+Years Manufacturing

Mission-Critical Components for Continuous Operations

Equipment downtime in mining and cement operations costs $15,000-50,000 per hour in lost production. ATF supplies precision-engineered replacement components that extend service intervals, reduce emergency shutdowns, and lower total cost of ownership across your entire processing circuit—from primary grinding through final product discharge.

Extended Life

20-40% Longer Service Intervals

Advanced metallurgy and optimized component profiles reduce replacement frequency. SAG mill liners achieving 11,000+ hours vs 8,500-hour industry average. Lower maintenance costs and fewer production interruptions.

Drop-In Fitment

Zero Modification Required

Reverse-engineered to OEM specifications with ±0.5mm tolerance verification. Compatible with Metso, FLSmidth, Polysius, Warman, and 50+ major equipment brands. Installation using existing mounting hardware.

Expert Support

Application Engineering Assistance

Technical consultation for material selection, wear rate analysis, and performance optimization. Field-proven recommendations based on 35+ years supplying global mining and cement operations.

SAG & Ball Mill Spare Parts

High-impact wear components for primary and secondary milling circuits processing gold, copper, iron ore, platinum, and base metals. Chrome-moly shell liners, grinding media, and drive assemblies engineered for 24/7 continuous operation at mill speeds 72-85% critical.

SAG mill shell liners and grinding media installation
Grinding Circuits

Maximum Availability in High-Tonnage Mills

Complete liner systems, lifter bars, discharge grates, grinding media, and drive components for SAG mills 18-40 ft diameter and ball mills 12-28 ft. Materials selection based on ore work index (Wi 8-22 kWh/t), abrasiveness index (Ai), and mill operating parameters to maximize service life while maintaining grinding efficiency.

Typical Performance: Shell liners 8,000-12,000 hours | Grinding media consumption 0.3-1.5 kg/ton ore | Girth gears 40,000-60,000 hours operation

Available Components:

  • Shell & End Liners: Hi-Lo wave, Hi-Hi stepped profiles in chrome-moly steel (1.5-3.0% Cr, 0.5-1.0% Mo). Hardness HB 400-480 as-cast.
  • Lifter Bars & Grates: Radial and spiral lifter designs optimized for charge trajectory. Discharge grates in multiple open area percentages (8-15%).
  • Hybrid Liner Systems: Poly-Met™ composite designs combining metallic impact zones with rubber damping sections. 50% weight reduction vs full metallic.
  • Grinding Media: Forged steel balls (HRC 58-65 surface) 75-150mm SAG, low-chrome cast balls (HRC 55-63) 25-100mm for ball mills.
  • Drive Components: Pinion gears, girth gears (typically 4-8m diameter), trunnion bearings, and thrust assemblies for mills 2,000-8,000 kW.
Chrome-Moly Steel
Hybrid Rubber-Metal
Poly-Met™ Composite
Forged Media

Application-Specific Selection:

Gold Operations: SAG-Ball circuits 15,000-50,000 TPD with competent ores (Wi 14-18 kWh/t). Standard chrome-moly liners achieving 9,000-11,000 hours at 76% critical speed. Premium grades extend life 15-25% in highly abrasive applications.
Copper Porphyry: Large SAG mills 36-42 ft diameter processing semi-competent ore with pebble recycle. Optimized liner profiles reduce liner consumption 0.8-1.2 kg/ton ore milled while maintaining 8-12mm/hr wear rates.
Iron Ore Magnetite: High-tonnage ball mills for regrind duty. Low-chrome cast balls (1.0-1.5% Cr) provide best economics vs high-chrome grades. Consumption rates 0.4-0.8 kg/ton depending on ore hardness and mill parameters.

Critical Selection Factors:

  • Ore Characteristics: Work Index (Wi), Bond Abrasion Index (Ai), and feed size distribution (F80) determine optimal liner material and profile geometry
  • Mill Operating Parameters: Speed (% critical), volumetric loading (25-35% typical), and power draw affect liner wear patterns and service life
  • Circuit Configuration: SAG-Ball vs single-stage SAG, pebble crusher integration, and screen apertures influence media size selection

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Vertical Roller Mill (VRM) Components

Abrasion-resistant castings for fine grinding applications in cement raw material preparation, coal pulverization, slag processing, and industrial minerals. High-chrome rollers, table segments, and separator internals designed for continuous operation at grinding pressures 50-150 MPa producing fineness 3,000-5,000 cm²/g Blaine.

Vertical roller mill grinding rollers and table segments
Fine Grinding

Consistent Product Fineness & Predictable Wear Rates

Precision-ground rollers, modular table segments, nozzle ring assemblies, wear plates, separator internals, and hydraulic system components for Loesche, Pfeiffer, FLSmidth ATOX, Polysius, and KHD vertical mills. Material grades optimized for fine-particle abrasion resistance while maintaining dimensional stability under hydraulic loads 800-3,000 kN per roller.

Service Life Benchmarks: Grinding rollers 8,000-15,000 hours | Table segments 12,000-20,000 hours | Nozzle rings 15,000-25,000 hours | Performance varies with material grindability and grinding pressure

Core VRM Components:

  • Grinding Rollers: High-chrome white iron castings (15-28% Cr) with optional hardfaced overlay. Standard profiles: convex, flat, concave based on material characteristics. Hardness HRC 58-64 matrix.
  • Table Segments: Modular bolt-in designs for rapid replacement. High-chrome castings with integrated hardfacing in high-wear zones. Segment sizes matched to mill diameter 1.5-6.5m.
  • Nozzle Rings: Precision-cast air distribution assemblies with optimized vane angles. Replaceable vane inserts extend service life 20-30% vs monolithic designs.
  • Wear Protection: High-chrome white iron plates for mill housing, chute liners, and classifier housing. Modular designs minimize replacement area and downtime.
  • Separator Components: Dynamic classifier rotor cages, guide vanes, and housing liners. Materials selected for erosion resistance in high-velocity (20-30 m/s) particle-laden air streams.
  • Hydraulic Assemblies: Cylinders, accumulators, seals for grinding pressure control systems. Compatible with nitrogen pre-charge systems 70-80% operating pressure.
High-Chrome Iron 15-28% Cr
Hardfaced Overlays
Ni-Hard Variants
In-Situ Repair

Material-Specific Applications:

Raw Material Grinding (Cement): Limestone, clay, marl processing at 80-200 TPH throughput. Standard high-chrome castings (18-23% Cr) provide 12,000-18,000 hour roller life at 90-110 MPa grinding pressure. Hardfacing extends life additional 30-40% in abrasive formations.
Coal & Petcoke Pulverization: Fine grinding to 15-20% residue on 90µm screen for kiln fuel systems. Wear rates 8,000-12,000 hours highly dependent on ash content (10-30%) and Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI 40-60). Lower grinding pressures 60-90 MPa extend life.
Slag Grinding (GBFS): Most severe VRM application—granulated blast furnace slag for cement blending. Requires premium high-chrome grades (23-28% Cr) with thick hardfacing (15-25mm). Grinding pressures 120-150 MPa. Roller life 6,000-10,000 hours typical with proper material selection.

Performance Optimization Strategies:

  • Roller Profile Management: Laser measurement systems track wear patterns. Re-profiling at 10-15mm wear depth restores grinding geometry and efficiency. In-situ hardfacing extends life 30-50% vs replacement.
  • Grinding Pressure Optimization: Balance throughput requirements against wear rates. Each 10 MPa pressure reduction typically extends roller life 8-12% while reducing specific energy 2-4 kWh/ton.
  • Preventive Hardfacing: Scheduled overlay welding before critical wear depth reached. Chromium carbide or tungsten carbide deposits depending on application severity and economic analysis.

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View Material Selection Guide →

Cement Plant High-Temperature Components

Heat-resistant alloys and refractory-backed assemblies for rotary kilns, preheater/calciner systems, clinker coolers, and auxiliary equipment. Components engineered for thermal stability, oxidation resistance, and mechanical integrity at operating temperatures 850-1,450°C in continuous duty cycles 330+ days per year.

Cement kiln components and cooler grates
High-Temperature

Thermal Cycling Resistance & Extended Service Life

Rotary kiln mechanical assemblies, preheater/calciner castings, clinker cooler grates, sealing systems, support rollers, tyres, and process equipment designed for cement production 1,500-10,000 TPD capacity. Material selection addresses thermal shock, oxidation/carburization, and mechanical loading in temperature zones 200-1,450°C.

Expected Service Life: Cooler grates 12-24 months | Kiln tyres 8-12 years | Preheater cyclone liners 3-5 years | Kiln seals 6-18 months | Varies with fuel type, raw mix chemistry, and maintenance practices

Critical High-Temperature Parts:

  • Rotary Kiln Components: Refractory anchor systems, girth gears (4-8m diameter, 200-400mm face width), drive assemblies, support rollers (600-1,200mm diameter). Kiln tyres in normalized/quenched & tempered alloy steel.
  • Preheater/Calciner Internals: Cyclone liner castings in HK series stainless (25% Cr, 20% Ni) for 800-950°C service. Riser ducts, tertiary air ducts, and calciner refractory anchors. Maximum service temperature 1,000-1,100°C.
  • Clinker Cooler Assemblies: Reciprocating grate coolers most common—mobile and stationary grate castings. Hot zone (900-1,200°C) requires HK40 heat-resistant stainless. Transition and cool zones use high-chrome iron or lower-grade alloys.
  • Sealing Systems: Kiln inlet/outlet end seals (contact and non-contact types), preheater expansion joint seals, cooler seals. Materials: graphite-impregnated fabric, high-temperature ceramics, spring-loaded plate assemblies.
  • Rotating Elements: Kiln support rollers with water-cooled shafts, thrust rollers, trunnion assemblies. Precision machining required—radial runout <0.5mm to prevent shell ovality and uneven refractory wear.
HK40 Stainless
Heat-Resistant Alloys
High-Chrome Grates
Refractory Systems

Temperature Zone Requirements:

Rotary Kilns (3.5-7.0m × 50-110m): Burning zone 1,350-1,450°C requires premium refractory with chrome-magnesite or magnesia-spinel bricks. Transition zone 1,000-1,350°C uses magnesia-chrome refractories. Cool end (calcining zone) 900-1,000°C typically alumina-silicate refractories. Support roller alignment critical—misalignment causes shell ovality >0.5% diameter leading to refractory cracking.
Preheater/Calciner Systems: 4-6 stage cyclone towers operating 800-950°C. Bottom stage cyclones see highest temperatures and most severe conditions. HK series cast stainless steel provides thermal cycling resistance and oxidation protection. Cyclone diameter 4-10m depending on plant capacity and design generation.
Clinker Coolers: Reciprocating grate coolers handle 1,350-1,400°C inlet temperature, cooling clinker to 100-150°C discharge. Grate temperatures: hot zone 900-1,200°C, transition 600-900°C, cool zone <600°C. Material selection by zone prevents premature failure from thermal shock or oxidation. Grate design affects cooling efficiency and fuel consumption.

Critical Selection Considerations:

  • Fuel Type Impact: Alternative fuels (waste-derived, biomass) affect gas chemistry and ash composition. Higher sulfur and chloride content accelerates corrosion—may require upgraded materials or protective coatings.
  • Thermal Cycling: Start-stop frequency determines thermal shock requirements. Plants with frequent shutdowns require materials with enhanced thermal cycling resistance and slower heating/cooling ramp rates.
  • Raw Mix Chemistry: High alkali content in raw materials increases coating build-up and refractory attack. Influences refractory selection and kiln operating parameters (speed, feed rate, flame profile).

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View High-Temperature Materials Guide →

Slurry Pump Wet-End Components

Abrasion-resistant impellers, liners, and seal assemblies for centrifugal slurry pumps handling high-solids content (15-65% by weight) in tailings transport, dewatering, hydrocyclone feed, flotation circuits, and dredging applications. Components designed for particle sizes d50 20-500µm at pump speeds 400-1,200 RPM delivering heads 15-120 meters.

Slurry pump impellers and wet-end components
Slurry Transport

Severe Abrasion Performance in Particle-Laden Slurries

High-chrome iron impellers (A05, A49 grades), volute liners, throat bushes, frame plate liners, expellers, stuffing boxes, and mechanical seal assemblies for horizontal and vertical slurry pumps. Material selection based on particle characteristics (size, shape, hardness), slurry velocity (2-6 m/s), and corrosion environment (pH 4-12 typical).

Typical Wear Life: A05 impellers 2,000-4,000 hours | Volute liners 3,000-6,000 hours | Throat bushes 1,500-3,000 hours | R55 rubber liners 4,000-8,000 hours in fine slurries | Actual life varies significantly with application

Essential Wet-End Components:

  • Impellers (Closed, Semi-Open, Open): A05 high-chrome iron (26-30% Cr, HB 600-700) for coarse, angular particles. A49 premium grade (28-32% Cr) for most severe duty. Rubber-lined impellers for fine, non-sharp slurries. Vane profiles optimized for efficiency vs wear resistance trade-off.
  • Volute Liners (Casing Liners): Replaceable wear sections bolt into pump casing. High-chrome iron most common—allows quick changeout vs full casing replacement. Rubber variants available for fine-particle applications where resilience reduces wear.
  • Throat Bushes (Suction Liners): Critical wear component at impeller eye inlet. High-chrome iron standard—wear indicates operation away from best efficiency point (BEP) or recirculation issues. Rapid wear suggests pump oversized for duty or inadequate NPSH.
  • Frame Plate Liners (Wear Plates): Protect pump casing from internal recirculation flow patterns. Bolt-in replaceable design. High-chrome iron or rubber depending on particle characteristics and pump design.
  • Expellers (Shaft Protection): Front and rear sealing protection preventing slurry ingress to bearing housing. Typically high-chrome iron or alloy steel. Critical for mechanical seal life—inadequate expeller clearance allows particle intrusion.
  • Mechanical Seal Assemblies: Single or double mechanical seals with seal water flush systems. Seal water pressure must exceed pump discharge by 70-140 kPa. Filtration <10µm critical. Seal face materials: silicon carbide vs silicon carbide most common for abrasive slurries.
A05 High-Chrome 26-30% Cr
A49 Premium 28-32% Cr
R55 Natural Rubber
Ni-Hard Variants

Application-Specific Material Selection:

Tailings Transport (Coarse): 25-45% solids by weight, d50 150-500µm, angular particles. A05 high-chrome iron standard—provides best wear life in sliding abrasion. Pump speeds 600-900 RPM typical. Impeller life 2,000-3,500 hours depending on ore hardness and slurry velocity. Higher chrome content (A49) extends life 25-40% but costs 40-60% more—economic analysis required.
Hydrocyclone Feed Pumps: High-pressure duty (400-800 kPa discharge), 30-50% solids, fine particles d50 75-150µm. A05 high-chrome iron for angular particles. Natural rubber (R55 grade, Shore A 55-65) alternative for rounded particles—can achieve 2x life of metal in suitable applications. Must operate near BEP (80-110% design flow) to prevent recirculation wear.
Flotation Circuit Pumps: Low-head (10-30m), high-volume applications. Fine grinding circuits with pH modifiers (lime, soda ash). Material selection must address both abrasion and corrosion. R55 rubber performs well in flotation feed pumps (fine particles, pH 8-11). Metal components may require corrosion-resistant alloys in highly acidic (pH <4) or alkaline (pH >11) environments.

Critical Performance Factors:

  • Particle Characteristics: Size (d50, d85) determines primary wear mechanism. Sharp, angular particles cause cutting wear—require metal components. Rounded particles cause sliding wear—rubber often superior to metal in this regime.
  • Slurry Velocity: Wear rate proportional to velocity raised to power 2.5-3.5. Reducing velocity from 5 m/s to 4 m/s can extend life 40-50%. Achieved through larger pipe diameters or reduced pump speeds—must balance against capital costs.
  • Operating Point: Pumps must operate near BEP (typically 80-110% design flow). Operation far from BEP causes recirculation, excessive throat bush wear, and premature seal failure. Pump curve testing recommended annually to track performance degradation.

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Materials & Metallurgy — Engineering Selection Guide

Optimal material performance requires matching alloy properties to application duty: impact severity, abrasiveness index, operating temperature, corrosive environment, and mechanical loading. Below are the primary material families with specific chemistry, hardness ranges, and optimal duty conditions based on field experience across 1,000+ installations.

Impact Grinding

Chrome-Moly Steel & Hybrid Mill Liners

Low-alloy steel castings optimized for impact-dominated grinding applications. Chemistry: 1.5-3.0% Cr, 0.5-1.0% Mo, 0.5-0.7% C provides combination of toughness (impact resistance) and hardness (abrasion resistance). Normalized and tempered heat treatment develops optimal microstructure.

Mechanical Properties: Hardness HB 400-480 as-cast | Impact toughness 15-25 J (Charpy V-notch) | Tensile strength 780-950 MPa | Optimal for: High-impact SAG mills with moderate ore abrasiveness (Ai <0.3)
  • Full Metallic Liners: Traditional design for high-tonnage SAG mills. Best wear life in competent ores (Wi 14-18 kWh/t). Liner consumption 0.9-1.3 kg/ton ore milled typical.
  • Poly-Met™ Composite: Metallic impact face with elastomer backing layer. 50% weight reduction enables faster liner changes (8-12 hours vs 18-24 hours). Reduces mill downtime 30-40% during liner replacement cycles.
  • Full Rubber Liners: Fine grinding ball mills, secondary/tertiary duty. Natural rubber (Shore A 65-75) provides excellent abrasion resistance with low noise. Not suitable for coarse ore or SAG mills (insufficient impact resistance).

Field data: Service life 8,000-12,000 hours SAG mills | 6,000-9,000 hours ball mills | Varies with ore hardness (Wi), abrasiveness (Ai), and mill operating parameters (speed, charge volume)

Fine Abrasion

High-Chrome White Iron (VRM Components)

Carbide-rich iron castings for fine-particle abrasion with controlled impact. Hypoeutectic composition (15-28% Cr) develops chromium carbide (M7C3) in martensitic matrix. Carbides provide abrasion resistance, matrix provides toughness. Heat treatment adjusts carbide morphology and matrix hardness.

Metallurgical Properties: Matrix hardness HRC 58-64 | Carbide hardness HV 1,300-1,800 | Chemistry 15-28% Cr, 1-3% Mo, 2.5-3.5% C | Optimal for: VRM rollers/tables, chute liners, wear plates in fine-particle grinding
  • Standard As-Cast High-Chrome: 18-23% Cr most common for raw material VRM grinding. Provides 12,000-18,000 hour roller life at 90-110 MPa grinding pressure. Cost-effective for moderate abrasion applications.
  • Hardfaced Overlay (Chromium Carbide): Base casting overlaid with 12-20mm weld deposit. Extends life 30-50% in severe abrasion (slag grinding, petcoke). Overlay chemistry: 25-32% Cr, 3-5% C. Hardness HRC 60-68 overlay zone.
  • In-Situ Hardfacing Repair: Worn surfaces rebuilt on-site during scheduled shutdowns. Restores roller profile geometry and extends life additional cycle. Typical at 10-15mm wear depth before base metal exposure. Requires preheat 200-250°C and controlled cooling.

Wear performance: As-cast rollers 8,000-15,000 hours | Hardfaced rollers 12,000-22,000 hours | Table segments 12,000-20,000 hours | Nozzle rings 15,000-25,000 hours in cement raw material grinding

High-Temperature

Heat-Resistant Cast Stainless (HK Series)

Austenitic stainless steel castings for elevated temperature service with thermal cycling. High chromium (23-27%) provides oxidation resistance, high nickel (18-22%) stabilizes austenite structure and prevents sigma phase formation. Carbon content 0.35-0.55% forms carbides at grain boundaries for creep resistance.

High-Temperature Properties: Typical grade HK40 (25Cr-20Ni) | Maximum service temperature 1,000-1,150°C continuous | Creep rupture strength 13-17 MPa @ 1,000°C/1,000 hours | Optimal for: Cement kiln inlet, preheater cyclones, hot zone cooler grates
  • Preheater Cyclone Liners: Operating temperature 800-950°C with moderate thermal cycling. HK40 standard grade—superior to carbon steel which oxidizes rapidly >650°C. Service life 3-5 years vs 12-18 months for carbon/low-alloy steel in this duty.
  • Cooler Grates (Hot Zone): Most demanding application—temperatures 900-1,200°C with severe thermal cycling during starts/stops. HK40 or HP (35Cr-45Ni) required. Grate life 12-24 months. Thermal shock resistance critical—rapid temperature changes cause cracking in lower-grade materials.
  • Kiln Inlet Components: Transition from refractory-lined kiln to metal preheater structure. Temperature 900-1,000°C. Oxidation resistance primary concern—chrome oxide surface layer forms protective scale. Carburization resistance important in reducing atmospheres.

Material selection: HK40 most common (good balance cost/performance) | HP grade for most severe thermal cycling | HT grade (15Cr-35Ni) intermediate cost option for 850-950°C service

Sliding Abrasion

High-Chrome Iron & Rubber (Slurry Pumps)

Material selection based on particle characteristics determines pump wear life. Coarse, angular particles cause cutting/gouging wear—require hard, carbide-rich metal. Fine, rounded particles cause sliding/erosion wear—resilient rubber often outperforms metal through energy absorption mechanism rather than hardness.

A05 Properties: 26-30% Cr, hypereutectic composition | Hardness HB 600-700 | Carbide volume 30-35% | R55 Properties: Natural rubber, Shore A 55-65 | Tensile strength 20-25 MPa | Tear resistance 80-100 kN/m
  • A05 High-Chrome Iron: Industry standard for coarse tailings transport (d50 >100µm). Best performance in angular particles (crushed rock, mine tailings). Service life 2,000-4,000 hours impellers, 3,000-6,000 hours volute liners. Wear rate proportional to slurry velocity³.
  • A49 Premium Grade: Enhanced chemistry 28-32% Cr with controlled carbide size/distribution. 25-40% longer life than A05 in most severe applications (high velocity, large particle size, high hardness). Economics favor A49 when pump changeout costs high (remote locations, difficult access).
  • R55 Natural Rubber: Superior to metal in fine slurries (d50 <75µm) with rounded particle morphology. Elastomer deforms under particle impact, absorbing energy. Life 4,000-8,000 hours in suitable applications—2x metal equivalent. Not suitable for coarse, sharp particles or high temperatures (>60°C degrades rubber).

Selection methodology: Particle size d50 primary factor | Particle shape (angularity) determines metal vs rubber | Slurry velocity affects both materials (reduce velocity = extend life) | pH and temperature influence rubber performance

Extreme Abrasion

High-Chrome White Iron (ASTM A532) & Ni-Hard

Carbide-rich white irons for severe abrasion with moderate impact. ASTM A532 classification based on chrome content: Class I (12-18% Cr), Class II (18-23% Cr), Class III (23-30% Cr). Higher chrome = more carbides = better abrasion resistance but lower impact toughness. Ni-Hard family adds nickel (3-5%) for enhanced toughness vs straight high-chrome.

Abrasion Resistance: Hardness HRC 56-66 depending on grade | Carbide volume 20-40% | Impact toughness 2-8 J | Optimal for: Chute liners, wear plates, fixed grinding surfaces where impact is moderate and abrasion dominant
  • A532 Class I (12-18% Cr): Lowest cost high-chrome grade. Moderate abrasion resistance. Used in light-duty chute liners, screen plate backing. Hardness HRC 56-60. Less brittle than higher chrome grades—better impact tolerance.
  • A532 Class II (18-23% Cr): Most common grade for wear applications. Good balance abrasion resistance vs cost. Chute liners, bin liners, wear plates in mineral processing plants. Hardness HRC 58-63. Industry workhorse material.
  • A532 Class III (23-30% Cr): Maximum abrasion resistance in white iron family. Used in most severe sliding abrasion with minimal impact. Hardness HRC 60-66. Brittle—prone to cracking if impact present. Typically backed with ductile iron or mild steel for shock absorption.
  • Ni-Hard (3-5% Ni, 1.5-4% Cr): Lower cost alternative to high-chrome where extreme abrasion resistance not required. Better machinability than high-chrome. Hardness HRC 50-58. Good for moderate abrasion with some impact present.

Application note: High-chrome white irons require careful installation—brittle nature means bolt holes must be precisely located, bolts properly torqued (avoid over-tightening), and thermal expansion accommodated in design

Grinding Media

Forged & Cast Steel Balls

Grinding media selection based on mill type, ore characteristics, and economic optimization. Forged steel provides superior toughness for high-impact SAG mills. Low-chrome and high-chrome cast balls offer cost-performance alternatives for ball mills where impact is lower and abrasion dominates. Media cost typically 15-30% of total grinding costs.

Forged Properties: Surface hardness HRC 58-65, core HRC 45-55 | Through-hardening via quench & temper | Cast Properties: Low-chrome HRC 55-63, high-chrome HRC 60-66 | Chemistry 0.6-3.2% Cr depending on grade
  • Forged Steel Balls (SAG Mills): High-impact resistance essential for SAG mill duty. Hardness gradient (hard surface, tough core) resists breakage. Sizes 75-150mm diameter typical. Consumption rate 0.5-1.2 kg/ton ore depending on ore hardness and mill design. Premium product—costs 30-50% more than cast balls.
  • Low-Chrome Cast Balls (Ball Mills): Cost-effective media for secondary/tertiary ball mills. Chemistry 0.6-1.2% Cr. Hardness HRC 55-63. Balanced performance in abrasion and moderate impact. Sizes 25-60mm most common. Consumption 0.3-0.8 kg/ton in typical regrind duty. Best economics for high-tonnage operations.
  • High-Chrome Cast Balls (Severe Abrasion): Chemistry 1.5-3.2% Cr provides enhanced abrasion resistance. Hardness HRC 60-66. Used in highly abrasive ores where wear life justifies higher media cost. More brittle than low-chrome—higher breakage rate in high-impact applications. Sizes 25-50mm typical for fine grinding.

Media optimization: Larger balls (>80mm) for coarse grinding, smaller balls (<40mm) for fine grinding | Ball size distribution affects grinding efficiency and energy consumption | Monitor mill charge by weight and top size—maintain optimal ball size distribution for ore characteristics

Engineering Support for Material Selection

Selecting optimal materials requires analysis of multiple interacting factors: ore/material characteristics (PSD, hardness, mineralogy), operating conditions (temperature, pH, impact severity), equipment parameters (mill speed, grinding pressure, pump velocity), and economic constraints (capital vs operating cost trade-offs). Share your application details—our metallurgical engineers provide specific material recommendations with predicted service life and cost-per-ton analysis.

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Diagnostic Troubleshooting Guide — Common Failure Modes

Systematic approach to identifying root causes of premature component failure, abnormal wear patterns, and performance degradation. Each failure mode links to probable causes and corrective actions based on field experience across 1,000+ installations worldwide.

Complex Failure Analysis & Root Cause Investigation

Persistent equipment problems often result from multiple interacting factors—operating parameters, material selection, mechanical alignment, process chemistry, and maintenance practices. Our technical team conducts detailed failure analysis including metallurgical examination (microstructure, hardness profiles, fracture surfaces), wear pattern interpretation, process parameter correlation, and economic optimization modeling. Field visits available for critical equipment or repeat failures.

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Technical FAQ — Spare Parts Engineering & Procurement

Detailed answers to common technical questions about material selection, service life optimization, dimensional compatibility, installation procedures, and maintenance practices for industrial spare parts.

What types of industrial spare parts does ATF manufacture?
ATF manufactures precision-engineered spare parts across four major equipment categories: SAG and ball mill components (shell liners, lifter bars, discharge grates, grinding media, girth gears), vertical roller mill parts (grinding rollers, table segments, nozzle rings, separator internals), cement plant high-temperature components (kiln inlet castings, preheater cyclone liners, cooler grates, dip tubes), and slurry pump wet-end parts (impellers, volute liners, throat bushes, frame plate liners, expellers, mechanical seals). All components are manufactured to OEM-compatible specifications with verified dimensional tolerances.
What materials are used for SAG and ball mill liners?
SAG and ball mill liners are manufactured in chrome-moly steel (1.5-3.0% Cr, 0.5-1.0% Mo) with hardness HB 400-480 for high-impact grinding applications. Full metallic liners provide maximum wear life in competent ores (Wi 14-18 kWh/t). Poly-Met™ hybrid composite liners combine metallic impact faces with elastomer backing for 50% weight reduction and faster liner changes (8-12 hours vs 18-24 hours). Full rubber liners (Shore A 65-75) are suitable for fine grinding ball mills where impact is lower. Material selection depends on ore work index (Wi), abrasiveness index (Ai), and mill operating parameters.
How long do VRM grinding rollers typically last?
VRM grinding roller service life ranges from 8,000-22,000 hours depending on material, application severity, and grinding pressure. Standard high-chrome castings (18-23% Cr) achieve 8,000-15,000 hours in raw material grinding at 90-110 MPa. Hardfaced overlays extend life to 12,000-22,000 hours. Slag grinding (GBFS) is the most severe application—requiring premium grades (23-28% Cr) with thick hardfacing, achieving 6,000-10,000 hours at grinding pressures 120-150 MPa. In-situ hardfacing repairs at 10-15mm wear depth can extend roller life by an additional cycle.
What is the difference between A05 and A49 high-chrome iron for slurry pumps?
A05 high-chrome iron contains 26-30% chromium with hardness HB 600-700 and 30-35% carbide volume—the industry standard for coarse tailings transport with angular particles. A49 premium grade contains 28-32% chromium with enhanced carbide size and distribution, providing 25-40% longer life than A05 in the most severe applications (high velocity, large particle size, high hardness). The cost premium for A49 is 40-60%, so economic analysis is required—A49 is most justified when pump changeout costs are high due to remote locations or difficult access. Both grades are unsuitable for fine slurries where rubber often outperforms metal.
What temperature ratings apply to cement plant components?
Cement plant component materials are selected based on operating temperature zones. HK40 austenitic stainless (25Cr-20Ni) provides continuous service to 1,000-1,150°C with good oxidation and creep resistance—used for preheater cyclone liners (800-950°C) and kiln inlet components (900-1,000°C). HP grade (35Cr-45Ni) handles the most severe thermal cycling in hot zone cooler grates (900-1,200°C). HT grade (15Cr-35Ni) is an intermediate option for 850-950°C service. Carbon and low-alloy steels are limited to <650°C due to rapid oxidation. Refractory backing is required for direct clinker contact above 1,200°C.
Are your spare parts compatible with Metso, FLSmidth, and other OEM equipment?
Yes, ATF spare parts are reverse-engineered to OEM specifications with ±0.5mm dimensional tolerance verification. Compatible brands include Metso Outotec, FLSmidth, Polysius, ThyssenKrupp, CITIC for mills; Loesche, Pfeiffer, FLSmidth ATOX, Polysius, KHD for VRMs; and Weir Minerals (Warman), Metso HM/MM, Sulzer, KSB for slurry pumps. Parts are designed for drop-in installation using existing mounting hardware without modifications. We provide dimensional inspection reports and fit guarantees. ATF is an independent aftermarket manufacturer—not affiliated with or endorsed by OEM brands listed.
What is the typical delivery time for spare parts orders?
Standard spare parts from stock inventory ship within 2-4 weeks including international delivery. Made-to-order components with standard materials and sizes require 4-6 weeks for casting, heat treatment, machining, and quality verification. Custom specifications (special alloys, non-standard dimensions, modified profiles) take 6-10 weeks depending on complexity. Large components like SAG mill liners, girth gears, or VRM rollers may require 8-12 weeks for full production cycle. Express manufacturing available for emergency breakdown situations at additional cost. We maintain stock inventory of common wear parts for popular equipment models.
How do I select the right grinding media size and type?
Grinding media selection depends on mill type, ore characteristics, and economic optimization. SAG mills use forged steel balls (75-150mm) with surface hardness HRC 58-65 for high-impact resistance—consumption 0.5-1.2 kg/ton ore. Ball mills use low-chrome cast balls (25-60mm, 0.6-1.2% Cr, HRC 55-63) for cost-effective performance—consumption 0.3-0.8 kg/ton in regrind duty. High-chrome cast balls (25-50mm, 1.5-3.2% Cr, HRC 60-66) provide enhanced abrasion resistance for highly abrasive ores where extended life justifies higher media cost. Larger balls (>80mm) for coarse grinding, smaller balls (<40mm) for fine grinding. Optimal ball size distribution affects grinding efficiency and energy consumption.
When should I use rubber vs metal components in slurry pumps?
Material selection depends primarily on particle characteristics. Metal (A05/A49 high-chrome iron) is required for coarse, angular particles (d50 >100µm) that cause cutting/gouging wear—metal hardness resists this wear mechanism. Rubber (R55 natural rubber, Shore A 55-65) often outperforms metal in fine slurries (d50 <75µm) with rounded particles—elastomer deforms under impact, absorbing energy rather than resisting through hardness. R55 can achieve 2x the life of metal in suitable applications. Rubber limitations: not suitable for temperatures >60°C, sharp particles, or high concentrations of large solids. pH and chemical environment also influence rubber performance—consult application guidelines.
What quality certifications and testing do you provide?
ATF operates under ISO 9001:2015 quality management with comprehensive testing protocols. Chemical composition verified by spectroscopic analysis with certificates provided. Hardness testing (Brinell, Rockwell) at multiple locations per component. Dimensional inspection using CMM verification for critical surfaces including bolt holes, seating faces, and profiles—inspection reports available. Non-destructive testing (ultrasonic, magnetic particle) for critical components detecting internal defects. Heat treatment documentation including furnace temperature curves, holding times, and cooling rates. Full material traceability from raw material certificates through finished component with heat numbers marked on each part.
Do you provide technical support for material selection and installation?
Yes, our technical team provides comprehensive engineering support. Pre-sale consultation includes material selection based on equipment type, ore/material characteristics, operating parameters, and economic objectives. We offer application analysis reviewing current wear patterns, service life data, and failure modes. Installation support includes detailed procedures with torque specifications, alignment verification methods, safety protocols, and quality checkpoints. Post-installation support covers performance monitoring recommendations, wear tracking templates, and troubleshooting assistance. Field visits available for major installations or complex failure analysis. Support provided in English, Spanish, French, and German through email, phone, and video consultation.
What are your payment terms and minimum order quantities?
Standard payment terms are 30% deposit with order confirmation, 70% balance before shipment. Wire transfer (T/T) and letter of credit (L/C) accepted. Extended terms available for established customers and long-term supply agreements. No minimum order quantity for standard stock items. Custom parts or special alloys may require minimum quantities due to heat/batch sizing—typically 1-2 pieces minimum depending on component size and material. Volume discounts available with significant savings for annual contracts, complete equipment packages, or multi-site supply agreements. Consignment inventory programs available for high-consumption operations with qualified credit approval.

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